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Article Dans Une Revue PLoS ONE Année : 2020

Age-specific epidemiology of human leptospirosis in New Caledonia, 2006-2016

Résumé

With over one million cases worldwide annually and a high fatality in symptomatic forms, human leptospirosis is a growing public health concern for the most vulnerable populations, especially in the context of global warming and unplanned urbanization. Although the Asia-Pacific region is particularly affected, accurate epidemiological data are often lacking. We conducted an eleven-year retrospective laboratory-based epidemiological survey of human leptospirosis in New Caledonia. From 2006 to 2016, 904 cases were laboratory-confirmed, including 29 fatalities, corresponding to an average annual incidence of 30.6/100,000 and a case fatality rate of 3.2%. Over the period, there was a major shift from indirect serological diagnosis by MAT to direct diagnosis by real-time PCR, a more specific and sensitive test when performed early in the course of the disease. The systematic implementation of genotyping informed on the variety of the infective strains involved, with a predominance of serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pyrogenes. The epidemiological pattern showed a marked seasonality with an annual peak in March-April. Interestingly, the seasonal peak in children of school age was significantly earlier and corresponded to school holidays, suggesting that attending school from February on could protect children from environmentborne leptospirosis.
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hal-03039468 , version 1 (03-12-2020)

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Elise Klement-Frutos, Arnaud Tarantola, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Ludovic Floury, Cyrille Goarant. Age-specific epidemiology of human leptospirosis in New Caledonia, 2006-2016. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15 (11), pp.e0242886. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0242886⟩. ⟨hal-03039468⟩
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